What is the risk of severe COVID-19 in infants younger than three months? UniPadova MDPIOpenAccess SevereCOVID COVID19 SARSCoV2 Infant Pediatrics
By Dr. Chinta SidharthanOct 19 2022Reviewed by Aimee Molineux In a recent study published in Viruses, a team of researchers from Italy investigated the severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections in infants younger than three months and compared the reported coronavirus disease 2019 severity scores for the pediatric population.
Studies also differ in the basis on which the severity of COVID-19 is scored, with some studies scoring the severity on epidemiological symptoms. In contrast, others use clinical manifestations in test results as a basis. Yet another study used clinical outcomes such as the mechanical ventilation requirement or the development of organ dysfunction as the basis for severity scores.
Results The results were consistent with those from other studies and reported that a large proportion of the infected infants below three months of age had mild symptoms or were asymptomatic. The common symptoms in neonates and infants mostly consisted of fever, runny nose, and cough. Infants were more likely to have gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea than adults.
Contrary to previous studies, the present cohort study indicated very low levels of leukocytosis and lymphopenia during complete blood counts. Still, the authors believe that this could be due to the limited number of severe COVID-19 cases in their study. Furthermore, inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein, ferritin, and lactate dehydrogenase were abnormal only in a small percentage of patients.
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