A recent study in the journal 'Nutrients' investigated the effects of dietary interventions, including the Mediterranean diet (MD) and a very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD), on overweight or obese women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF).
By Dr. Liji Thomas, MDOct 24 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. A recent study in the journal Nutrients examines the impact of dietary interventions on the success of in vitro fertilization in women with a high body mass and polycystic ovarian syndrome .
Excessive body mass is known to reduce the efficacy of assisted reproduction technologies like IVF. A high body mass index is associated with a seven-fold greater risk of adverse effects such as ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome during IVF. Ovulation induction is also more difficult with a higher BMI.
Approaches to PCOS-related infertility include drugs, surgery, lifestyle changes, and IVF. IVF is used when ovulation induction has not succeeded or if male subfertility or tubal infertility complicates the issue. Patients on the VLCKD lost significant weight, as reflected in the BMI compared to MD patients at three and four months. The body circumference , which is a predictor of visceral and subcutaneous fat, was also reduced significantly in VLCKD patients.
Menstrual cycles became more regular in about 50% of women at 90 days in the VLCKD group and 70% after 120 days. No patient reported a worsening in their menstruation regularity. The corresponding figures for the MD group were 17% and 26%, respectively, while worsening was reported in 2% of cases.
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