The Neolithic Tyrolean Iceman 'Ötzi' has been studied thoroughly in the past. But the latest installment, in which researchers have generated a high-coverage genome to learn more about his genetic history, still offers some surprises. A report in the journal Cell Genomics on August 16 shows Ötzi had dark skin, dark eyes, and a balding head.
The Tyrolean Iceman is known as one of the oldest human glacier mummies CREDIT Südtiroler Archäologiemuseum EURAC Marco Samadelli-Gregor Staschitz. Credit: Südtiroler Archäologiemuseum/EURAC/Marco Samadelli-Gregor Staschitz
The findings suggest that the Iceman in life looked more like the mummy does today, he notes. The more complete and higher-qualityalso shows that the Iceman had unusually high early Anatolian farmer ancestry, higher than any other known contemporaneous population in Europe from the 4th millennium BCE. The discovery suggests that Ötzi belonged to a rather isolated Alpine population with limited gene flow from hunter-gatherer groups.
The earlier work suggested close genetic affinity between Ötzi and present-day Sardinians. But the researchers now say those conclusions were reached before more human genomes had become available. In the new study, the researchers, including Krause and Albert Zink of Eurac Research—Institute for Mummy Studies in Bolzano, Italy, sequenced Ötzi's genome again using more recent sequencing technologies to produce a higher-quality.
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