Smooth, quiet power delivery and a streamlined look makes the BMC Roadmachine AMP X a stealthy e-road bike under 30 pounds.
, BMC is giving their endurance Roadmachine the AMP’d treatment, too.
Power delivery is smooth and natural, too. Combined with the lack of motor noise, they say it provides the most normal road bike-like experience possible. And if you didn’t know it was an e-bike, it’d be hard to tell from the looks. Geometry is relaxed up front, with a bit taller stack height, but short chainstays to keep it nimble. In back is their D-shaped seatpost and flattened stays to reduce vibrations and road chatter.
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BMC launches new Roadmachine 01 AMP X all-road e-bike with 'revolutionary' TQ drive unitFull mudguard mounts, 38mm of tyre clearance, a 2in display and the all new TQ drive unit... would this bike tempt you to switch to electric?
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Association of lipid, inflammatory, and metabolic biomarkers with age at onset for incident cardiovascular disease - BMC MedicineBackground Risk profiles for premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) are unclear. This study aimed to examine baseline risk profiles for incident CVD by age at onset in Chinese population. Methods A total of 97,841 participants without CVD were enrolled from the Kailuan cohort study. Four age groups were examined (| 55, 55 to | 65, 65 to | 75, and ≥ 75 years) for CVD onset. Risk profiles included clinical, lipid, metabolic, and inflammatory risk factors and biomarkers. Results Of the clinical factors, diabetes was associated with the highest relative risk for incident CVD in participants younger than 55 years (sub-distributional hazard ratio [sHR], 4.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.47–4.80). Risk factors that were also noted for CVD onset in participants younger than 55 years included hypertension, metabolism syndrome, overweight or obese, dyslipidemia, and smoking. Among the biomarkers, insulin resistance measured by triglyceride-glucose index had the highest sHR (1.42; 95% CI, 1.35–1.49) for CVD in participants younger than 55 years. In comparison, weaker but significant associations with CVD in participants younger than 55 years were noted for most lipids, metabolic biomarkers, and inflammatory biomarkers. Most risk factors and biomarkers had associations that attenuated with increasing age at onset. Some biomarkers had similar CVD age association, while a few had no association with CVD onset at any age. Conclusions These findings showed that diabetes and insulin resistance, in addition to hypertension, metabolism syndrome, overweight or obese, dyslipidemia, and smoking, appeared to be the strongest risk factors for premature onset of CVD, and most risk factors had attenuated relative rates at older ages.
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Effect of an increase in Lp(a) following statin therapy on cardiovascular prognosis in secondary prevention population of coronary artery disease - BMC Cardiovascular DisordersBackground Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). Recent studies have indicated that statins tend to increase Lp(a) levels by 10–20%. However, the association of statin-mediated increases in Lp(a) levels with CAD has not been determined. Methods This study included 488 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Lp(a) levels were measured at baseline and 1 month after statin therapy. The study endpoints were major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Hazard ratios for the MACE were adjusted for potential confounder using Cox regression. Results After statin therapy, the mean level of Lp(a) increased by 19.3% from baseline. Lp(a) levels increased in 307 patients (62.9%) with a median elevation of 4.1 mg/dL. Patients with an increase in Lp(a) were at higher risk for MACE than those without an increase in Lp(a) (p = 0.044). Subgroup analyses revealed that a mild-to-moderate increase in Lp(a) was not associated with MACE, whereas there was a strong correlation between the highest quartile increase in Lp(a) (≥ 10.1 mg/dL) and MACE (HR = 2.29, 95%CI = 1.36–3.84, p = 0.002). This correlation was independent of baseline Lp(a) levels but not independent of on-statin Lp(a) levels. Conclusions Severe increases in Lp(a) following statin therapy raise the risk of MACE, but a mild-to-moderate increase in Lp(a) may not affect the cardiovascular prognosis of CAD patients. Even if the baseline Lp(a) levels are low, it is necessary to continue testing for Lp(a) concentration at least once after statin.
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The impact of cardiovascular health and frailty on mortality for males and females across the life course - BMC MedicineBackground The effect of frailty and poor cardiovascular health on mortality for males and females is not fully elucidated. We investigated whether the combined burden of frailty and poor cardiovascular health is associated with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality by sex and age. Methods We analyzed data of 35,207 non-institutionalized US residents aged 20–85 years old (mean age [standard deviation]: 46.6 [16.7 years], 51.4% female, 70.8% White, 10.3% Black, 13.2% Hispanic) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2015). Cardiovascular health was measured with the American Heart Association’s Life’s Simple 7 score (LS7). A 33-item frailty index (FI) was constructed to exclude cardiovascular health deficits. We grouped the FI into 0.1 increments (non-frail: FI | 0.10, very mildly frail: 0.1 ≤ FI | 0.20, mildly frail: 0.20 ≤ FI | 0.30, and moderately/severely frail: FI ≥ 0.30) and LS7 into tertiles (T1[poor]=0–7, T2[intermediate]=8-9, T3[ideal]=10–14). All-cause and CVD mortality data were analyzed up to 16 years. All regression models were stratified by sex. Results The average FI was 0.09 (SD 0.10); 29.6% were at least very mildly frail, and the average LS7 was 7.9 (2.3). Mortality from all-causes and CVD were 8.5% (4228/35,207) and 6.1% (2917/35,207), respectively. The median length of follow-up was 8.1 years. The combined burden of frailty and poor cardiovascular health on mortality risk varied according to age in males (FI*age interaction p=0.01; LS7*age interaction p | 0.001) but not in females. In females, poor FI and LS7 combined to predict all-cause and CVD mortality in a dose-response manner. All-cause and CVD mortality risk was greater for older males (60 and 70 years old) who were at least mildly frail and had intermediate cardiovascular health or worse (hazard ratio [lower/higher confidence interval ranges] range: all-cause mortality=2.02–5.30 [1.20–4.04, 3.15–6.94]; CVD-related mortality=2.22–7.16 [1.03–4.46, 4.49–
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Inequalities in the impact of COVID-19-associated disruptions on tuberculosis diagnosis by age and sex in 45 high TB burden countries - BMC MedicineBackground Tuberculosis remains a major public health priority and is the second leading cause of mortality from infectious disease worldwide. TB case detection rates are unacceptably low for men, the elderly and children. Disruptions in TB services due to the COVID-19 pandemic may have exacerbated these and other inequalities. Methods We modelled trends in age- and sex- disaggregated case notifications for all forms of new and relapse TB reported to the World Health Organization for 45 high TB, TB/HIV and MDR-TB burden countries from 2013 to 2019. We compared trend predicted notifications to observed notifications in 2020 to estimate the number of people with TB likely to have missed or delayed diagnosis. We estimated the risk ratio (RR) of missed or delayed TB diagnosis for children (aged | 15 years) or the elderly (aged ≥ 65 years) compared to adults (aged 15–64 years) and women compared to men (both aged ≥ 15 years) using a random-effects meta-analysis. Results An estimated 195,449 children (95% confidence interval, CI: 189,673–201,562, 37.8% of an expected 517,168), 1,126,133 adults (CI: 1,107,146–1,145,704, 21.8% of an expected 5,170,592) and 235,402 elderly (CI: 228,108–243,202, 28.5% of an expected 826,563) had a missed or delayed TB diagnosis in 2020. This included 511,546 women (CI: 499,623–523,869, 22.7%, of an expected 2,250,097) and 863,916 men (CI: 847,591–880,515, 23.0% of an expected 3,763,363). There was no evidence globally that the risk of having TB diagnosis missed or delayed was different for children and adults (RR: 1.09, CI: 0.41–2.91), the elderly and adults (RR: 1.40, CI: 0.62–3.16) or men and women (RR: 0.59, CI: 0.25–1.42). However, there was evidence of disparities in risk by age and/or sex in some WHO regions and in most countries. Conclusions There is no evidence at an aggregate global level of any difference by age or sex in the risk of disruption to TB diagnosis as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, in many countries, disrupt
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Reducing the speed limit to 20mph on urban roads 'has little safety impact'Reducing the maximum from 30mph or 40mph resulted in ‘no statistically significant differences’ in the number of crashes.
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