New study in Nature Medicine links yeast cells in the gastrointestinal tract to abnormal immune responses causing inflammation in Crohn's disease patients. The research suggests that these yeast-reactive T-cells could be a potential therapeutic target, offering new avenues for treatment.
By Dr. Liji Thomas, MDSep 27 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. Inflammatory bowel disease , which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease , is associated with mucosal inflammation that arises due to abnormal immune cell activation. A new study in Nature Medicine traces the sources of this type of inflammation to yeast cells.
T helper cells of the TH17 subtype are regulatory in function, as they modulate potentially harmful inflammatory immune responses to pathogens. The impairment of this function may arise due to higher levels of interleukin -17A-producing T-cells in the intestinal mucosa of patients with IBD. However, IL-17 antagonists have not been effective in CD and have worsened the condition in some patients.
Related StoriesThe current study examined how yeast in the GI tract affects CD4+ T-cell responses and contributes to inflammation in CD. In ASCA-positive CD patients, an intense inflammatory yeast-reactive TH1 cell response was observed. These cells also secrete higher levels of IFN-γ, with this increased secretion more notable against fungi other than C. albicans. Inflammatory cytokines were also increased against certain yeasts.
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