Point-of-care rapid diagnostics for detecting SARS-CoV-2 in exhaled breath ACSPublications diagnostics SARSCoV2 covid coronavirus COVID19
By Vijay Kumar MalesuAug 3 2023Reviewed by Sophia Coveney In a recent article published in the journal ACS Sensors, a group of researchers developed a rapid, non-invasive, point-of-care platform for the direct detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in exhaled breath, potentially adaptable for multiple respiratory virus detection.
About the study In the present study, the testing platform design incorporates a breath aerosol collection mechanism and a micro-immunoelectrode biosensor. In the initial prototype stage, the breath samples were diluted in a separate solution before analysis. When fully functional, the biosensor connects to a potentiostat, and square-wave voltammetry was performed to detect SARS-CoV-2.
Through these experiments, they simulated exhalation conditions, generated aerosols that mimic breath from the lower airways, measured viral load in the breath samples, and evaluated their diagnostic setup in human subjects. The lowest detected virus RNA concentrations were 32, 8, 6, and 21 RNA copies per mL for the USA/WAa1/2020, β, Delta, and Omicron strains of SARS-CoV-2, respectively. Notably, the LoD for all the variants was significantly lower than the usual viral RNA load found in exhaled breaths of individuals with SARS-CoV-2. This affirms the biosensor's potential in detecting virus aerosols in exhaled breath with ultra-sensitivity.
Despite this, the potential for virus detection in exhaled breath was confirmed, given the estimated 200–600 viral particles per breath in a coronavirus disease 2019 infection.
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