A new form of screening may improve survival rates among people with a fast-growing type of brain tumor by helping identify those most likely to benefit from certain treatments.
The team chose to use affibodies rather than antibodies because their much smaller size means that they clear the body far more quickly, minimizing the radiation dose for patients and preventing delays to surgery. Using affibodies also makes it possible to get high-quality images just one hour after injection. In comparison, when antibodies are used, the images are usually only retrieved after 48 hours.
Then, the researchers looked into 36 samples from people with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. They noted PD-L1-positive membrane staining in 39% of the samples. A separate analysis of 161 human glioblastoma samples confirmed that tumors with a mesenchymal signature, which is linked to a better response to immune checkpoint inhibitors, had a significantly elevated expression level of PD-L1 compared with other glioblastoma subtypes.
The researchers hope that this work will lead to better outcomes for the 30%–49% of patients with the mesenchymal subtype of glioblastoma. They are now working on a clinical trial in Poland that builds on the foundations laid by this preclinical research and expect to present data from that trial in the near future.
Dr. Gabriela Kramer-Marek, Group Leader in Preclinical Molecular Imaging at the ICR, said,"It has been really exciting to see the journey from lab to clinic. We are currently running a clinical trial in people, which was only possible because of this promising preclinical work. The trial was the first ever to use immuno-PET to evaluate PD-L1 in people with primary glioblastoma, and we hope to see images that clearly show the presence of PD-L1 in these brain tumors.
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