Researchers across Europe have delved into the DNA methylation patterns in CD4+ T-cells of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients, unveiling potential new biomarkers for these conditions. Their study suggests that these unique profiles could serve as both diagnostic and prognostic tools, although further validation is needed for real-world clinical application.
By Neha MathurSep 10 2023 In a recent article published in the journal Frontiers in Immunology, researchers across Europe investigated deoxyribonucleic acid methylation patterns in the cluster of differentiation 4+ T-cells from psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis patients as these might represent potential biomarkers of psoriasis/PsA.
It is a key pathway in all T-cell-mediated chronic autoimmune/inflammatory diseases, including psoriasis and PsA. T helper 17 cells are a unique Th-cell subset known to secrete IL-17 and other key inflammatory effector cytokines involved in psoriasis. IL-23 promotes the survival and maintenance of Th17 cells; accordingly, researchers have observed its higher expression in psoriatic skin lesions.
Further, they performed Bioinformatic Gene Ontology enrichment and KEGG pathway analyses to identify precise biological processes associated with altered DNA methylation patterns. They consulted the Interferome database to calculate DNA Methylation Scores, indicating genes under the control of interferon .
Results The numbers and proportions of CD4+ T-cells and their subsets did not differ across psoriasis, PsA, and HCs, suggesting the observed differences among cohorts were due to varying DNA methylation profiles of CD4+ T-cells. The third CpG site was the cg18925478 in Phosphatase and Actin Regulator 2 gene encoding a protein previously linked to inflammatory bowel disease . Another study suggested that the PHACTR2 protein was a potential biomarker of SLE exacerbation.
The cAMP-PKA pathways regulate the activity and expression of the cAMP-response element modulator protein family in CD4+ T-cells, linked to effector cytokine expression in psoriasis/PsA and other autoimmune diseases, such as SLE.
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