Bacteria that live in the intestines inhibit a molecule that limits the amount of fat absorbed, increasing weight gain in mice fed a high-sugar, high-fat diet, researchers from UT Southwestern Medical Center report. The findings, published in Science, could eventually lead to new ways to combat obesity, diabetes, and malnutrition—health problems that plague hundreds of millions worldwide.
The team homed in on a gene called Snhg9, which produces a long, noncoding RNA whose function was unknown. A series of experiments showed that the RNA molecule produced by Snhg9 binds to a protein called CCAR2, setting off a molecular cascade that prevents dietary fats from being absorbed by the cells that line the intestine.
In germ-free mice and mice genetically altered to produce extra Snhg9 RNA, the process kicked off by this molecule protected them from becoming obese, even on a Western-style diet. Additional tests showed these animals weren't absorbing as much dietary fat as wild-type mice. However, mice genetically altered to lack Snhg9 gained excess weight on the high-sugar, high-fat diet, even when their gut microbes were killed off with antibiotics.led by Drs.
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