First cell-type specific multiomic study of the HIV brain Brain Neurology Genome HIV multiomics IcahnMountSinai UNC
By Neha MathurDec 19 2022Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. In a recent article published in the journal Molecular Cell, researchers present a valuable data resource that provides in-depth insights into cellular and genetic mechanisms governing human immunodeficiency virus integration and expression in the human brain.
More genome and transcriptome-level data are needed to design effective treatments for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder , which affects between 20-50% of HIV-infected people globally. To date, most genomic studies have focused on gene expression profiling of bulk tissues to demonstrate HIV-triggered metabolic changes and neuroinflammation.
The 3D reorganization of microglia has not been visualized in vivo. Therefore, the team generated genome-wide scale high-throughput chromosome conformation capture maps for microglia from two HIVE brains with age- and gender-matched controls. Per sc-RNA seq results, these HIVE brain samples had confirmed HIV expression.
While undergoing profound reorganization, chromosomal conformations at the site of DEGs in microglia also altered kilo- to mega-base-scaling TADs and rewired hundreds of contact-specific loops.
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