Exploring molecular mechanisms and genetic dysregulation in aging and age-associated diseases Nutrients_MDPI harvardmed BIDMChealth age aging health disease
By Pooja Toshniwal PahariaAug 10 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. Aging causes a progressive decline in function, which leads to age-associated diseases like neurodegenerative, inflammatory, and cardiovascular diseases. These diseases impact an individual’s quality of life and has significant economic and social effects.
The Web of Science and PubMed databases were searched for original research studies conducted on animals and literature reviews, including their references. After evaluating 2,500 records, a list of the most important variables and the impacted genes was created for each ailment. This list was then periodically updated until April 2023.
Some of the different factors that regulate microglial activation and neuroinflammation include complement components, such as triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 , complement C3A receptor receptor, and complement component 1Q . These factors are mediated by receptors like transforming growth factor β2 , silent mating type information regulation 2 homologs , and yes-associated protein .
Increased TGF-β2 in the brain activates a neuronal cell death pathway, with TGF-β2-induced cell death greater in AD-related mutations in the amyloid precursor protein . High Mobility Group Box 1 , a marker of neuroinflammation, may also disrupt blood-brain-barrier functions in AD.
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