Diagnostic marker found for deadly brain disease marked by dementia, movement problems WUSTLmedschool NatureMedicine
Now, however, researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have found a biomarker that identifies, with up to 89% accuracy, people with a primary tauopathy called corticobasal degeneration . Traditional diagnostic methods for CBD are only 25% to 50% accurate, the researchers said.
The biomarker could be developed into a tool to screen potential volunteers for CBD-specific research studies and clinical trials and, eventually, to identify people who could benefit from CBD-specific treatments, the scientists said."Before, the only way to find out which primary tauopathy a person had was to wait until they died and then examine the person's brain under a microscope," said co-senior author Chihiro Sato, Ph.D., an assistant professor of neurology.
CBD is one of about two dozen brain diseases that are considered tauopathies because they share one critical feature: toxic tau aggregates in the brain. Individual tauopathies involve different subtypes of tau and exhibit different patterns of damage to brain cells and tissues. The collections of symptoms of the various tauopathies overlap, making it difficult for doctors to tell one from another. This complicates efforts to study them and find treatments.
Tauopathies are classed as either primary or secondary, depending on when tau tangles appear in the course of the disease. In primary tauopathies, tau tangles form in the beginning, seemingly on their own. In secondary tauopathies, tangles form only after other changes have taken place in the brain. For example, in Alzheimer's disease, the most common secondary tauopathy, the brain protein amyloid beta builds up for years before tau tangles appear.
In 2020, Kanta Horie, Ph.D., a research associate professor of neurology and the first author on the current paper, developed a highly sensitive technique to detect specific fragments of tau in the cerebrospinal fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. Horie and colleagues used the technique to
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