Cognitively stimulating activities reduce dementia risk in the elderly JAMANetworkOpen dementia risk elderly health stimulation enrichment
By Pooja Toshniwal PahariaJul 20 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. In a recent study published in JAMA Network Open, researchers investigate the relationship between social networking, leisure activities, and dementia risks in older adults.
Lifestyle enrichment with stimulating activities can increase cognitive reserves and reduce dementia risk by promoting well-being through the stimulation of neuron growth and synapses. However, previous studies have often focused on individual activities or a single composite score, rather than considering health status and education.
Cox proportional-type hazards regression modelling was used to calculate the adjusted hazard ratios for the risk of dementia over 10 years. Adjustments were made for age, ethnicity, race, sex, socioeconomic status, education, alcohol intake, smoking habits, body mass index , physical fitness, and comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, depression, and dyslipidemia.
Likewise, participation in creative arts such as woodwork, metalwork, or craftwork, and drawing or painting , as well as in passive mentally stimulating activities such as reading newspapers, magazines, or books, listening to radio or music, and watching television was associated with a reduced risk of dementia. Comparatively, social activities, external outings, and interpersonal networks were unrelated to the risk of dementia.
Active mental activities and adult literacy were most strongly associated with decreased dementia risks, thus indicating that these activities provide more cognitive stimulation. These activities include logical reasoning, critical thinking, social contact, and proactive involvement. Cognitive stimulation from these types of activities can support brain resilience by increasing the number of neurons, improving synaptic activity, and allowing for greater efficiency in utilizing brain networks.
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