Broccoli and sprouts improve gut microbiota and reduce inflammation in IBD IBD Broccoli Inflammation InflammatoryBowelDisease Crohns ulcerativecolitis UMaine uvmvermont binghamtonu
By Dr. Priyom Bose, Ph.D.Nov 29 2022Reviewed by Emily Henderson, B.Sc. Inflammatory diseases significantly enhance morbidity and mortality among patients. One of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases is Inflammatory Bowel Disease , which significantly affects the daily life of patients. IBD can affect the gut epithelial barrier function and promote alterations in the gut microbiome. This review is available in The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry.
There are two primary forms of IBD, i.e., ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s Disease . As the name suggests, UC occurs in the colon, and inflammation is found along the mucosal epithelial layer. CD is an autoimmune disorder, and, in this case, inflammation might occur anywhere in the GT tract. Several studies have indicated that prolonged inflammation could result in colorectal cancer . In addition, some IBD patients experience overlapping clinical symptoms of UC and CD.
IBD Treatments Typically, palliative treatment is used to reduce IBD symptoms. This approach targets inflammation to improve host homeostasis and gut microbiome composition. Even though over-the-counter drugs for inflammation cause ulcers, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory treatments and corticosteroids reduce the risk of cancer incidence. NSAIDs are also associated with side effects and disruption of the gut microbiome.
A high intake of cruciferous vegetables has been correlated with decreased serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, TNFα, and IL-6. It also promoted the inhibition of NFκB. Recent documents provided strong evidence of the interaction between broccoli and broccoli sprouts and gut microbiota. This interaction provided stronger protective effects against GI inflammatory diseases. Several studies have shown that SFN is metabolized by GI bacteria. Importantly, this compound also prevents microbiome dysbiosis and improves barrier function. These functions help in reducing the severity of IBD-like colitis in mouse models.
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