A study published in BMCMedicine reports that ambient air pollution exposure may contribute to increased risk of incidence and progressions of type 2 diabetes.
In this study, we observed some notable evidence for effect modification. Our results found stronger associations between air pollution exposure and incidence of T2D among participants residing in a rural area, consistent with previous findings [
]. This may be associated with some specific community types, such as healthy food access and the construction of primary health care. Although ambient air pollution is considered as a leading risk factor for diabetic morbidity and mortality [], this cannot reflect the association on the dynamic progression. Our findings provide evidence that ambient air pollution, including particulate matter and nitrogen oxides, is associated with both the incidence and the subsequent progressions of T2D. This suggests ambient air pollution may contribute to both the long-term progression of T2D and the mortality risk of existing disease.
The major strengths of our study were a large population-based cohort and the detailed information on socioeconomic, behavioral, and clinical profile data in the UK Biobank, which enabled us to structure a multi-state model of T2D development and to control for potential confounding factors. Compared with traditional Cox regression models, we used the multi-state model to distinguish the impacts of air pollution on the five transition phases.
Our study had some limitations. The participants in the UK Biobank were healthy-volunteer. Second, the outcome identification relied on the ICD-10 codes, and some of the complications are not specific to T2D. The identification of diabetes complications may be open to potential misclassification. Third, some participants were simultaneously diagnosed with diabetes and its complications, which can also lead to outcome misclassification.
Danmark Seneste Nyt, Danmark Overskrifter
Similar News:Du kan også læse nyheder, der ligner denne, som vi har indsamlet fra andre nyhedskilder.
Health-related quality of life among persons with initial mild, moderate, and severe or critical COVID-19 at 1 and 12 months after infection: a prospective cohort study - BMC MedicineBackground Currently, there is limited evidence about the long-term impact on physical, social and emotional functioning, i.e. health-related quality of life (HRQL) after mild or moderate COVID-19 not requiring hospitalization. We compared HRQL among persons with initial mild, moderate or severe/critical COVID-19 at 1 and 12 months following illness onset with Dutch population norms and investigated the impact of restrictive public health control measures on HRQL. Methods RECoVERED, a prospective cohort study in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, enrolled adult participants after confirmed SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. HRQL was assessed with the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36-item health survey (SF-36). SF-36 scores were converted to standard scores based on an age- and sex-matched representative reference sample of the Dutch population. Differences in HRQL over time were compared among persons with initial mild, moderate or severe/critical COVID-19 using mixed linear models adjusted for potential confounders. Results By December 2021, 349 persons were enrolled of whom 269 completed at least one SF-36 form (77%). One month after illness onset, HRQL was significantly below population norms on all SF-36 domains except general health and bodily pain among persons with mild COVID-19. After 12 months, persons with mild COVID-19 had HRQL within population norms, whereas persons with moderate or severe/critical COVID-19 had HRQL below population norms on more than half of the SF-36 domains. Dutch-origin participants had significantly better HRQL than participants with a migration background. Participants with three or more COVID-19 high-risk comorbidities had worse HRQL than part participants with fewer comorbidities. Participants who completed the SF-36 when restrictive public health control measures applied reported less limitations in social and physical functioning and less impaired mental health than participants who completed the SF-36 when no restrictive measures applied. Co
Læs mere »
“Giving voice to the under-served”: the coronavirus chronic conditions and disabilities awareness study - On MedicineProf. Carol Rivas, Dr Amanda Moore, Dr Kusha Anand, Dr Alison Wu and Dr Ozan Aksoy discuss the CICADA study, which aimed to understand the support experiences of people with both a chronic condition or disability and a minoritized ethnic identity in pandemic contexts, with a view to improving experiences of future care, services and resources for these under-served groups, reducing inequities and enhancing social, health and wellbeing outcomes. The study is registered at the ISRCTN registry.
Læs mere »
Autoimmune gene expression profiling of fingerstick whole blood in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome - Journal of Translational MedicineBackground Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating condition that can lead to severe impairment of physical, psychological, cognitive, social, and occupational functions. The cause of ME/CFS remains incompletely understood. There is no clinical diagnostic test for ME/CFS. Although many therapies have been used off-label to manage symptoms of ME/CFS, there are limited, if any, specific therapies or cure for ME/CFS. In this study, we investigated the expression of genes specific to key immune functions, and viral infection status in ME/CFS patients with an aim of identifying biomarkers for characterization and/or treatment of the disease. Methods In 2021, one-hundred and sixty-six (166) patients diagnosed with ME/CFS and 83 healthy controls in the US participated in this study via a social media-based application (app). The patients and heathy volunteers consented to the study and provided self-collected finger-stick blood and first morning void urine samples from home. RNA from the fingerstick blood was tested using DxTerity’s 51-gene autoimmune RNA expression panel (AIP). In addition, DNA from the same fingerstick blood sample was extracted to detect viral load of 4 known ME/CFS associated viruses (HHV6, HHV7, CMV and EBV) using a real-time PCR method. Results Among the 166 ME/CFS participants in the study, approximately half (49%) of the ME/CFS patients reported being house-bound or bedridden due to severe symptoms of the disease. From the AIP testing, ME/CFS patients with severe, bedridden conditions displayed significant increases in gene expression of IKZF2, IKZF3, HSPA8, BACH2, ABCE1 and CD3D, as compared to patients with mild to moderate disease conditions. These six aforementioned genes were further upregulated in the 22 bedridden participants who suffer not only from ME/CFS but also from other autoimmune diseases. These genes are involved in T cell, B cell and autoimmunity functions. Furthermore, IKZF3 (Aiolos) and IKZF2
Læs mere »
Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adolescents with Obesity | NEJMOriginal Article from The New England Journal of Medicine — Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adolescents with Obesity
Læs mere »
Health of mothers, fetuses, and children are all affected by the maternal environmentA recent editorial published in the journal BMC Medicine examined existing literature for associations between the mother's and offspring's health outcomes and a broad range of maternal characteristics related to pregnancy and postnatal phenotypes and complications.
Læs mere »