A scoping review published in HarpsJournal characterizes the application of systems approaches to physical activity promotion and provides case studies that illustrate the approaches and methods used.
] were included and classified separately according to the stage of systems approach and method used.For each paper, one reviewer documented the author/year, title and a description of how the study applied a systems approach for PA.] to classify PA studies according to the predominant methodological approach they used and the strategic intent of their systems approach .
Additional categories were created to capture articles that did not correspond to the existing categories in this framework . Although we have proposed “stages” of a systems approach, this was mainly to provide a classification framework for the different applications of systems thinking and methods to PA, rather than to denote a progression or hierarchy of approaches.
Table 2 Typology of systems methods used in physical activity research across stages of systems approachesThree authors classified each paper according to the adapted framework based on the dominant category that it corresponded to for the stage of systems approach, and the dominant category for the systems methods used. In the few instances where papers could be classified under multiple categories, the authors conferred and reached consensus on the appropriate classification.
Fisher’s exact test was used to examine the significance of any differences in the distribution of publications for each category of systems approach and method used, across two time periods, 2010–2015 and 2016–2021. We purposively selected case studies from the included studies that clearly described their use of systems methods for a particular stage of systems approach for PA.
presents a flow diagram of publication identification, screening, eligibility assessment and inclusion.Flow diagram for inclusion of studies. *The number of full-text articles included in the narrative account was 155 rather than 156, as one of the articles was an authors’ reply to a response provided to an earlier publication
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