Stem cells are special kinds of cells in our body that can become any other type of cell. They have huge potential for medicine, and trials are currently under way using stem cells to replace damaged cells in diseases like Parkinson's.
can be reprogrammed into iPS cells in the lab. These"blank slate" cells show great promise in regenerative medicine, a field focused on regrowing, repairing or replacing damaged or diseased cells, organs or tissues.
Research using iPS cells is a rapidly advancing field, yet many technical challenges remain. Scientists are still figuring out how to better control whatOne of these technical challenges is"epigenetic memory", where the iPS cells retain traces of the cell type they once were.To understand"epigenetic memory", let's first talk about epigenetics. Our DNA carries sequences of instructions known as genes.
An iPS cell made from a skin cell can retain a partial"memory" of being a skin cell, which makes it more likely to turn back into a skin-like cell and less likely to turn into other cell types. This is because some of the DNA's epigenetic marks can tell the cell to behave like a skin cell.
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